Événements indésirables d’ordre dermatologique, liés au système immunitaire, et dus aux inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaires
Résumé
Les inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaires (ICI) sont des traitements essentiels pour diverses pathologies malignes. Parmi les ICI homologués au Canada, on trouve : les agents anti-PD-1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab et dostarlimab), un agent anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) et des agents anti-PDL-1 (atézolizumab, avélumab et durvalumab). Les ICI sont des traitements extrêmement innovants, mais ils ont été associés à des événements indésirables liés au système immunitaire (EIim) susceptibles d’affecter n’importe quel système d’organe et de s’avérer tellement graves que cela nécessite l’interruption ou l’arrêt du traitement. Normalement les ICI visent à activer le système immunitaire contre des cellules malignes, mais des EIim surviennent lorsque cette activation cible des tissus hôte par inadvertance. Ces phénomènes semblent tout à fait imprévisibles; il semble impossible de prévoir chez quels patients ces EIim vont se produire.
Références
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