Adoption d’une maladie orpheline : prise en charge de la sarcoïdose à l’ère des médicaments biologiques
Résumé
La sarcoïdose est un trouble inflammatoire granulomateux à médiation immunologique. Cette maladie est difficile à diagnostiquer et à traiter, parce qu’elle est associée à de multiples présentations cutanées, qu’elle peut affecter n’importe quel organe et que le diagnostic ne peut être établi qu’après avoir éliminé toutes les autres affections granulomateuses, y compris les infections. L’établissement d’un diagnostic de sarcoïdose et un traitement efficace peuvent toutefois sauver des vies.
Une meilleure compréhension de cette maladie complexe a donné lieu à de nouvelles options thérapeutiques, notamment l’application novatrice de médicaments biologiques et d’inhibiteurs à petites molécules (IPM) hors indication. Le présent article explore les principaux aspects cliniques de la sarcoïdose cutanée, passe rapidement en revue les analyses qu’un dermatologue affairé doit effectuer et analyse des données probantes concernant l’utilisation de médicaments biologiques et d’IPM dans le traitement des patients atteints de la sarcoïdose cutanée.
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